Stem Cells and Bioengineering Useful Tissues and Organs

Stem cell technology and 3D bio-printing are some of the burgeoning fields of biology today. Although there is much to learn, the technology is advancing rapidly and there is room in the start-up space. The global market capitalization of $14.15 billion in 2023 is expected to increase to $48.89 billion by 2033. There are over 5,000 clinical trials involving stem cells according to clinicaltrials.gov. Stem cells are interesting because they can differentiate into any type of cell. They can repair, regenerate, and develop into various tissues and organs. Combining the art of 3D printing and additive manufacturing with stem cell technology, one may provide the clinician and medical scientist with a tool for organ transplantation. Problems with short term stability of cellular matrix components, extra-cellular matrix (ECM) viability, and tissue rejection remain experimental hurdles. By developing a novel 3D bio-printer with a nozzle extruding individual stem cells in their relevant ECM, may a better mammalian tissue engineering project commence.